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Kaylie Jones

I first met Kaylie Jones in an elevator at the Ramada Inn in Wilkes Barre, Pa. We were both there for a writer’s conference at Wilkes University. Kaylie’s expression when she’s not smiling or angry or moved is always a sort of grin, probably owing to the jaw line that looks so similar to her famous father’s in old photographs, as if someone just told her a joke or she’s concocting a piece of fiction in her mind that keeps scrolling. And her eyes always seem to be searching in a friendly way, as if maybe the joke or the fiction might be about you at that particular moment. I think we made small talk in the elevator about what I don’t recall. I had no idea who she was.

Later that day, I recognized her standing next to Bonnie Culver, the head of the Creative Writing program at Wilkes. I was asking Bonnie about enrolling in the Master’s degree program that had yet to be launched. Bonnie introduced her as Kaylie Jones. I shook her hand.

“Oh, are you interested in enrolling in the program as well?” I asked her.

She smiled. Bonnie laughed. “This is Kaylie Jones. She’ll be one of our mentors. She’s a writer. A Soldier’s Daughter Never Cries? James Jones, the author of From Here to Eternity? This is his daughter.”

I reddened and started to sputter an apology, but Kaylie waved me off. “Forget it,” she said, putting me at ease. “How would you know?”

Kaylie is a unique combination of fiery passion for … well, not just for art but for everything she feels is right (that’s the New Yorker and the Parisian in her) and a sort of Midwestern genuineness, an honesty and a humanity I’m guessing must have come from her father.

With Kaylie, clarity and substance are infinitely more important than style and gaudiness. When you read her work that’s obvious. There are moments of breathtaking description (At night, for entertainment we ate psilocybin mushrooms and watched eighteen-wheelers speed across the distant landscape, the ghosts of their lights trailing behind them for miles like party streamers. I felt squashed between the earth and sky …) nestled in straightforward prose.

That’s what makes her a great teacher. She reels you in when she needs to and pulls no punches in doing so.

Those of us who have been fortunate enough to have Kaylie as an instructor are very loyal to her. That’s not simply because she devotes herself to your work – and she does. The great thing about the Wilkes program is the one-on-one attention you get from your mentors, they shepherd you through your work. But Kaylie always goes above and beyond. She wasn’t above calling me to chew me out if my work was heading in a direction she didn’t like. She was a cheerleader and a friend when things seemed at their blackest, a staunch realist who made me feel capable of reaching great heights with my work, but always with my feet firmly planted on solid ground. In other words, she made me grow.

“Don’t fall into the trap of thinking ‘who am I?’ or ‘who is ever going to care about this thing that someone like me wrote,’” she once told me, knowing full well that my own lack of confidence in my work is one of its greater failings.

We are also loyal to Kaylie because of who she is. She’s inspiring. She’s very down-to-earth and unpretentious. We sat and watched episodes of Lost together, and I’ve listened to her howl when my classmate and friend Dan Burda does one of his goofy impressions. She’s fiery in a way that’s sometimes frightening for me, a pretty average rural Pennsylvania guy. Watch her at a writer’s conference listening to publishers talk about the business – she gets pissed! When she doesn’t like something, whether its politics or poetry, she has no problems with telling you.

One of my earliest memories of her: One day, at a class at Wilkes, she referred to something in The Sun Also Rises. “You’ve all read it,” she assumed. Then she frowned. “How many of you have read it?” Only one or two of us raised our hands. She slapped the table and the voice of this woman, who until that point had seemed serene and smiling at the world, suddenly sharpened. “That’s not enough! If you want to be a serious writer you have to be serious about it. You have to read.” She glared at us.

Above clarity, Kaylie has always seemed to me to value truth. She seems to want honesty in writing above everything else. Recently, I read in her memoir Lies My Mother Never Told Me a line from a letter her father had written a publisher who wanted to censor his book. “Writing has to keep evolving into deeper honesty, like everything else, and you cannot stand on past precedent or theory and still evolve.”

I’m printing those words and putting them up by my computer.

Anyway … please send your questions. This is your chance to pick her brain.

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The well

Where do you get your inspiration?

Inspiration is like a well. I read that somewhere once. You draw from it, and sometimes when it’s really flowing well you can complete a project.

So where do you go to fill the well?

If you’re a writer, you read something, right? Well, what do you read? I have a stack of books to get through, everything from Stephen King to Dostoevsky. I’ve read a lot of first chapters, but nothing has really grabbed me recently.

See a movie? I used to draw inspiration from Hitchcock, I loved the intricate way he designed films, his innovation, his mis en scene, his humanity — but I’ve seen all of his great films about a hundred times. I need something new.

So help a brutha out. I don’t care what you do for a living, where do you go to get inspiration? What inspires you to do what you do? And please explain why it inspires you. Please don’t cop out and simply say “my family,” because if you mean “cause I gotta put food on the table” that’s what COMPELS you, not what inspires you.

Is there a painting? A quote? A movie? A book? Mike Schmidt’s 500th at Three Rivers? What can you go to that instills within you a desire to create? And why?

Is this thing on? Anybody out there?

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1, Writing exercises

A call for submissions (exercise 4)

This exercise is all about perspective. Think about something that happened to you, a story you can share. Can be anything. Now, tell that story from the point of view of a member of your family. Use that family member’s voice, all the idiosyncracies in how they talk, bring into play their attitudes, their likes and dislikes. Tell the story as they would tell it.

And try to keep it to 500 words. No big deal if you don’t, I’m grading on a curve.

Let’s get some more participation. Whether you’re an established writer or just want to play around with telling stories, this is your chance to put your work out there.

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Reporter or writer?

Back in the late 90s, when I was just starting out what’s turned into a 13-year career (so far, knock on wood) in journalism, I had a job interview for a reporter position at a relatively large metro daily. I won’t say which one, but it was a century old back then and today it doesn’t exist any more, having merged with the other daily in town years ago. At the interview, the managing editor said he didn’t have much time to talk to me. Then he lectured me for 20 minutes about his newspaper’s proud history and fine staff, asked me one question and then told me to leave some clips with his publisher’s secretary.

His question: “Are you a reporter, or are you a writer?”

I stared at his desk. Stacks of paper, a plant, no bling to speak of, miles of stained oak. No answers, either. “Uh, I guess I’m both,” I said.

“There’s a difference, you know.”

“Yes, I know.”

At the time, I thought I did. Bob Woodward, for example, used to have the rep of being a great gatherer of information, an expert at cultivating sources, a helluva REPORTER, but no William Shakespeare. Remember in All the President’s Men, some on the Washington Post staff wondered whether English was Bob’s first language? At the same time, I am today as I have always been moved by great journalism because of the writing. I’ve had the honor over the years to work with some talented reporters, columnists and even editors. I read The New Yorker regularly, not just for the fiction, but for the reporting, Seymour Hersh and the like. Some of the pieces by the reporters, feature writers and photographers at the York Daily Record, my new home, are breathtaking. However, I’ve read some pieces at other papers where the reporters got great information — you could tell they’d busted their asses — only the writing didn’t convey it well enough.

But none of it, good or bad, is fiction writing. Not just because fiction isn’t true. The fact of the matter is, in most respects, I wouldn’t call newspaper journalism creative nonfiction, either. There’s a gulf between newspaper journalism and creative writing. And while it’s possible to excel at both, being adept at one doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll do well with the other.

For me, the big difference has always been degree of distance. As a reporter, dealing in facts, you’re on the outside. Regardless of how great an interviewer you are, it is impossible for you to get inside your source’s head. You can observe and provide objective detail, and the discovery of those details and the dissemination of them is the essence of the art. But you can’t say “I” in journalism and mean anybody but yourself. In journalism you are an objective observer of something that cannot involve yourself (all debates about whether true objectivity exists aside).

As a fiction writer, and often as a creative nonfiction writer, the story doesn’t just involve you. It is you.

It’s a problem that’s plagued my writing and it’s difficult to overcome. Fiction writing is a totally different art form from journalism. The two are only related in terms of words. Sometimes in terms of narrative (there’s some really great narrative journalism out there). But in terms of voice, character, point of view — there is no relation.

I know there are a lot of writers who started out as, or became at one point or another, journalists. Hemingway. Steinbeck. Graham Greene. In A Moveable Feast, Hemingway speaks almost disparagingly of his journalism — it was something he had to do for the money. Instead, when he lived in Paris he was learning to be a fiction writer. I don’t share his disdain for journalism, but I do agree that the two are totally different art forms.

I used to think writing fiction meant reporting a story in your head. It’s more than that. It’s INHABITING a story in your head. It’s BECOMING your sources. I’ve been advised by writing instructors to forget everything I learned about journalism when writing fiction.

Writers? Reporters? I need some input here, folks. Am I right? How can you be both a journalist and a writer? Is the separation as stark as I believe it to be?

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NEWS!: The James Jones Fellowship Contest is accepting entries

The 17th Annual James Jones First Novel Fellowship will be awarded to an American author of a first novel-in-progress, in 2009, by the James Jones Literary Society. Novellas and collections of closely linked short stories may also be considered for the competition. First prize is $10,000. Details are here.

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Interview: Marlon James

MarlonThis is the first of what I hope will be many interviews with authors. Thanks everyone who submitted questions. The answers are below. If you have followups, let me know and I’ll see that Marlon gets them. And thank you, Marlon!

Marlon James was born in Kingston, Jamaica , in 1970.  His first novel, John Crow’s Devil, was a finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize, The Commonwealth Writers Prize and was a New York Times Editors’ Choice. His latest novel, The Book of Night Women was published in 2008.


This is from Susan in York, PA: How are you able to maintain such a strong voice through his Book of Night Women. The language and the way your narrator spoke had really great rhythm and immediately gave you a sense of time and place…but I can’t imagine trying to write an entire book that kept that going. How are you able to get yourself into that mindset when you sat down to write?

I think it’s an act of will. I think you have to shut off anything connected to how you live now, right down to not using words such as, “sped” because that’s connected to a concept of movement that would have been unfamiliar back then. Sometimes we think the trick to staying in character when that person is unfamiliar is to dive into tons of research for speech patterns, cultural eccentricities or whatever, and while that’s important, you can learn every single detail about a character and still fail spectacularly—John Updike’s Terrorist being a case in point. In trying to learn all the external things about his title character he missed everything that makes a character human: empathy in the author and a chance to change in the character. Start with that first. Accurate dialect, correct historical details and finishing touches will come later.


From Scott in York: How does do you go from idea to beginning to execute that idea? Do you outline (characters, plot, etc)? Or do just start to write and see what happens?

Both. I have a basic outline just to get my thoughts together, and then just as soon violate it as often as possible. It’s the act of writing that leads you to what you really want to write. This is where outlining or even research can fail you. It’s like driving at night; you can only see far, but if you don’t drive, you’ll never get to where you want to go.


From Joan in York: What is your favorite piece of classic literature?

Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. There are tributes, homage and shameless rip-offs of that novel all over my new book.


What made you want to become a writer? When did you first decide it was what you wanted to do?

I can’t remember when I wasn’t writing. But taking it seriously was another thing entirely. It was 1998 and I had just read Shame. I was so outraged and impressed by the liberties he took with that book that I said, that’s it. I’m going to write, and I’m going to write exactly what I want to write instead of what I think people would want to read.


You’re a fan of Latin American literature (I know you loved The Savage Detectives and you always go on and on about Marquez). What do you feel are the big differences between modern Latin American fiction and American fiction today?

In the late sixties with John Barth declared the end of narrative, I don’t think he ever told us what was supposed to take its place. One of the main differences between the Latin American Fiction I’ve read and other types is that even the most avant- garde Latin fiction knows that something has to happen. And that thing that happens must have stakes beyond suburban ennui or little epiphanies that can sometimes seem unearned. It’s not about magical realism, because even the most magical of writers are still telling you what’s going on outside their window. But perhaps Latin American fiction even at its most inward looking never becomes self-absorbed. Never falls in love with the writing of itself.


Where did the idea for Book of Night Women come from?

From a discussion with the poet Rashida Abu Bakr. I had a story already about a female slave protagonist, and a rebellion. I had even written 43 pages, but the idea of a group of women replicating the traditional matriarchal African society and taking it down a dark turn would never have happen had Rashida not showed me the ways in which women left their impact on African society. I remember wondering, what if a bunch of women tried to set up that power core here? What would be the cost?


Do you usually start with character, situation or narrative?

Characters have a way of showing up in my head and not leaving until I write them into something. There are these albino twins that have been badgering me for a story for years.


You ran your own advertising business in Kingston while you wrote much of both of your novels. How the hell did you find the time?

You have to make the time. It’s ludicrous when people say they don’t have time to write. You may be a person that writes, but you’re not a writer. This may sound harsh but your writing talent (or muse) couldn’t care less if you have three kids and your first quarter report is due. Or that you just lost a parent or are expecting a child. It’s a demanding, remorseless, unreasonable talent and it will not be denied. You simply have to make the time or steal the time. We’re probably not as busy as we think. Wake up earlier, or go to sleep later, or get rid of the TV. Nancy Mckinley said that once your muse is convinced that you’re serious, she’d show up. But first you have to be serious. It’s just not a talent that you can tend to like a garden. It demands too much of your time and something might end up suffering. This is where you have decide. Sure you may have talent, but how badly do you want it?


How did you decide on the POV for Book of Night Women?

It decided itself. I had written it in the third person in Standard English and got no further than page 43. I knew the novel would not move one page further until the voice that was supposed to tell the story told it, but even then I was held back by fear. Who the hell was going to read a 417 page novel all in slave dialect?


You start John Crow’s Devil with a quote from Captain Beefheart. Do you listen to music as you write? What kind? Does it affect the finished product?

I have no idea. I don’t trust silence, and I don’t believe in it. I love when a line slips in when I least expect it to. John Crow’s Devil could not have happened without me listening to 16 Horsepower’s Secret South constantly. So much of that novel’s biblical vocabulary came from that album making those word flesh. Of course I can’t listen to that album now.


This is a site for aspiring writers. What advice do you have for writers who have yet to achieve publishing success?

A clichéd but important one. Believe in yourself. Because if you are a writer, you will come to a point, more than once, when you’re the only person who does.

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Who owns it?

Ever wonder if James Joyce ever talked with his buddies about his work? Down at the pub over a Pabst maybe — or was he living in Paris when he wrote Finnegan’s Wake? I always forget.

“Yo, Pierre, so you should read this new story I’m writing.”

“Oui?”

“Yeah, it’s in stream of consciousness.”

“Oh no, Jimmy! I could not understand that last one you wrote because of the stream of consciousness, that silly Clash of the Titans book …”

Ulysses.”

“Yes, Ulysses, that’s it. Pitooey, I spit upon it!”

“Well this is different.”

“Oui?”

“It’s a broken narrative.”

“Oh no! In stream of consciouness? So I’ve got two of your oh-so-silly things to contend with?”

“And it’s not in written in English, exactly.”

“No? French?”

“No, it’s sort of this dream language I invented out of puns. And it starts midsentence.”

“Mon dieu!”

OK, so he was James Joyce and his friends probably didn’t pal around with French fans of early 80s Greek mythology films. And today, Finnegan’s Wake is considered one of the finest novels ever written (See the Modern Library list, though I’d wager the vast majority of the populous will never be able to make heads or tails of it). Had he taken someone’s advice not to write it and focus on writing something like, I don’t know, a super-realistic account of the potato famine, the world would be without this great work.

My point is this — don’t ever listen to what people tell you to write. Don’t write what you think you SHOULD write. Write what you want to write.

If you’re like me, your life is full of shoulds. You should attend this meeting or that, you should do this chore or that. And it’s important that you fulfill those obligations, because that’s life. You have responsibilities. You have bosses. You’re a member of society.

Get rid of all the shoulds from your writing. Maybe it’s the one place in your life where there is no shoulds. You can write whatever you want. Nothing fences you in, go whereever your heart desires. Have an idea about a story set in India, but you live in the states and the closest you’ve come to that country was the time you ate something with a dash of curry and spent the weekend on the toilet? Write it anyway. If it’s successful, a certain contingent of people will always bitch about how it’s not authentic because you’re nonIndian you dared to go there. But it’s your story, not theirs. And if it feels real to you, that’s what’s important (after all, look at how genuine my Frenchman seemed above — I’ve never even been there!).

Now let me put three caveats out there. One, take advice. It’s important to develop a community of writers, a group of friends who you can share with. These people help keep you motivated and can offer you tips for avenues you haven’t explored. Don’t let them tell you what to do, but consider their council. They can help open things up for you, recommend books, etc.

Two, when you write something, you should have a specific audience in mind. Are you writing this for kids? For adult intellectuals? For gear-head morons? Chances are, however, you’re still writing for yourself, because you probably count yourself among the ranks of the gear-head morons or intellectuals, or maybe, using my children’s writer friend Buffy as an example again, you profess to thinking like a 10-year-old. 

And finally, even though a story is yours, the reader will feel the story belongs to them. They’re reading it, experiencing it. It’s their interpretation of what you’re writing that matters to them, not what you think. In lit crit courses in college, we often talked about the unimportance of authorial intentionality — what the author meant to say is often not the most interesting thing about a work. Often the societal influences, the writers own psyche, etc., makes a work more valuable. Often, the book’s place in history is what makes it important or unimportant.

But none of that is your concern. The work is yours, and don’t let anybody ever tell you differently. Forget everybody else. It’s your story. Write to your own satisfaction. My theory is that’s often enough to make a work successful, because although we’re all different (tastes, desires, etc.), despite the talking, er, shouting heads on Fox News and MSNBC, we’re all basically the same. We all want and need love. We all need sustenance, acceptance. We’re all individuals, and the differences we have are what give our work originality and eloquence. But we’re also all human beings. So, in that sense, if you write to please yourself, you’re writing to please your audience.

In an earlier post, I told you about how I was trying to write as my master’s thesis a fictionalized account of a trial I’d covered when I was working as a reporter in Georgia. I’d pitched that idea to a few of my professors, and they thought it was a good one. It was. I even sent it to one professor in particular along with another idea and asked him which I should write about. The second idea was something out of left field, a story I’d been kicking around in my head since I was a kid, but it was so bizarre I thought no one would ever want to read it.

The professor agreed with me and told me I should write about the trial in Georgia.

No knock on him. He was right. That’s what I should have written about. It was a true story, it had lots of very interesting nuances.

But it wasn’t what I wanted to write. So in the end, the result was garbage. It was forced. I went with it for 80 pages and then dropped it for my second manuscript.

If I have one great fault as a writer (and I have many), it’s that I have no self confidence. Notice that I felt the need to point out that I have many faults as a writer … It’s not that I give up on the things I’ve written, it’s that I’m quick to change things when somebody tells me to. When I write something, I’ll get points of view from everyone and act as though what they say is gospel.

Anyway, rambling. What do you think?

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Success … uh, is there such a thing?

Maybe you’re really unique. Maybe you’ve written something so brilliant, profound, funny, tragic, beautiful that you just know in your heart somebody is going to buy it, publish it and the reading public is just going to lap it up.

Maybe you’re right. But here’s the depressing conclusion most of us have probably reached by now. To the publishing industry, we’re nothing.

I’m not ripping the biz. As much as some writers piss and moan, it’s not exactly the agents’ and publishing houses’ fault. There are thousands upon thousands of people out there just like us who want to sell their book. They buy one of Writer’s Digest’s annual Writer’s Market publications and go through them and send queries to every agent in the book (hoping everybody knows what that is — a query letter is your initial contact with an agent or a publisher — you give a VERY BRIEF synopsis of your book, a word count and some contact info.). The slush piles you become part of are deep, and you’ll be lucky if an intern glances at your query long enough to send you a rejection. Sometimes you’ll get really lucky and someone will request the first 50 pages of your book, but those better be a great first 50 pages. Still, getting off the slushpile for most of us is like climbing Mount Everest. And cold-querying unsolicited manuscripts is like beating your head against a wall (don’t let me disuade you though — stranger things have happened).

There are some easier ways to get eyes on your manuscript. There are conferences, writing workshops and programs where you can network and meet people (please, by the way, feel free to send me anything you think I should list here). One of the great things about the Wilkes University Creative Writing Master’s Degree program is that, in addition to instruction on craft, they give great advice from successful, working writers on ways to navigate the industry. Many of the agents and publishers involved in these programs and conferences are accomodating and legitimately open to new ideas and fresh faces.

Here’s the problem. It’s a business. The artwork you’ve been sculpting full of your own pecadillos and eccentricities is a product. And the publisher, if he or she wants to keep their shingle out, has to be concerned about sellability. They’re looking for proven track records, they’re looking for something that’ll sell. They love formula, because it’s measurable. The story about the couple who finally finds love needs three tragic moments, because that worked for Nicholas Sparks, and it has to have a picture of a lighthouse in it somewhere (Not throwing Sparks under the bus. I’ve never read him, I only know him by reputation and obviously the stuff he writes means something to somebody. Just pointing out the phenomenon that businesses — BY NECESSITY — all love tried and true formulas and in bad markets they must try to mitigate risk. Unfortuately, we’re talking about art here, and for the people who produce it often the essence of it is in the risk. Originality is risk).

So some might advise you that if you want to sell something as a writer, go do some market research. Figure out what’s selling, look at the formula and follow it.

But is that really success? Is getting published the brass ring unto itself? Or is producing something of quality, something you’re proud of, something that means something to you.  Something completely different, something that stays with people after you’ve written it? I get all hung up on getting published. Hell, look at the title of the blog.

Any time you find yourself becoming like me, where publishing is the end goal, ask yourself — AND THEN WHAT? You get the satisfaction of seeing your name on the shelf there at Barnes and Noble, but what then? Is your life over? Are you Inigo Mantoya, and now you’re out of the revenge business so you can maybe become the Dread Pirate Roberts (Princess Bride reference)? If you’ve sold out to publish, you’ll likely have to continue selling out … continue sticking to a formula. You get typecast. And when you try to break free and do something original, write the novel you always meant to write, who will take it seriously?

Thank God for independent presses. And thank God for the few literary novels that still get published out there. There’s still hope.

This might be my most rambling and pointless blog entry yet — but does anybody have any stories to share about their own attempts to find success in the industry? How do you measure success? Is publishing the ultimate goal, or are you seeking to become a specific kind of writer, and publishing is just one rung on the ladder? Vent, people, please. Let me know I’m not alone. And give advice to your fellow writers! Me  included.

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Writing exercises

Call for submissions (exercise 3)

This goes with the last blog post on stakes and narrative structure (also goes with the stuff about economy … oh, everything really). In 500 words or less, write a story that goes through the entire dramatic arc (see blog entry below). In the story, at least one character should go through a change. The change should be mental, but I suppose a physical change will work as well. Keep it as tight as possible. Try to limit yourself to the allotted space — it’s a lot to try to force into 500 words.

I’m loving the entries from Susan and Buffy (and one anonymous entry I’ve been given and asked not to post that I thought was brilliant), but I’d love to see more. This is your chance to show off your stuff!

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Tension and narrative structure

Movie snobs will call me names for thumbsupping a best picture winner, but I was on the edge of my seat for Slumdog Millionaire, despite its Euro director trying to pass himself off as Indian and the ill advised nod to Bollywood dancing at the end. Evidently, lots of people felt the same way I did. I think I know why.

The stakes were high in that movie. The main character’s entire life pointed straight as an arrow to the questions he answered on that game show. Slowly, the movie let us in on the character’s life and the more we realize how much is riding on this game, the more rapt we become.

Stakes. Your characters need to have reasons for what they do. And those reasons should be dire. If you want to write something that resonates with people, make it so that the things your characters do aren’t simple options, they’re THE ONLY OPTION. Give them chances for redemption, but make the temptation to fail so overwhelmingly powerful that the reader feels it. This propels your plot, gives the reader something to hold onto.

I’ll give you an example from my own work. The main character leaves his family behind to go to a rock concert. As a result he endures hardship. When people read early drafts of my book, they said “That’s not enough.” And they were right. The character had to have more at stake. He HAD to leave his family. He had to make himself go, the story had to be about something more than “Gee, it’d be nice to go to a rock concert. Think I’ll go.” Because who gives a shit about that?? The big choices your characters make should be life and death, they should stand to lose everything or gain everything. This is what draws your reader in.

When you’re crafting your narrative — and this is much harder than it sounds, because remember, your narrative is SUPPOSED to be happening organically — never forget dramatic structure. The story arc. I’ll post it here for anybody who isn’t familiar with it. Essentially, you start with exposition, then rising action, then climax, then falling action, then denouement. Every story has this arc. The way you structure your novel doesn’t necessarily have to follow this order — in fact some of the best novels don’t follow this chronological, linear structure. Think Frankenstein: The novel begins with Dr. Frankenstein chasing his creature through the arctic, eons after he cobbled it together out of dead body parts. It starts with the denouement and then jumps back to exposition. However, the story arc is still there — it’s just shuffled around for Mary Shelley’s purposes.

Whatever you’re writing, think about this arc and try to make the changes as blantant as possible. Here’s where you put the stakes. Exposition, you’re simply introducing characters and their situation. Then like a lightning bolt, rising action should start. It should be very clear. Someone has wronged your character. Something is leading your character toward a climax, which can be a life altering decision. A lot has to be riding on these changes. Likewise, your character should change along this arc, he or she should develop and become something different on the other end. Otherwise, the character is flat and uninteresting, the narrative has no punch and meanders listlessly (much like these blog entries).

I know, as if you didn’t have enough to think about, right? I always had trouble figuring out how to stick rigidly to this arc and still write a story that doesn’t seem forced or outlined.

I think the answer is emersion. The arc has to become second nature, part of the way you think. When you read, you should look for the arc. Think about how the writer has written what he or she has written. Where is the arc? Is it fragmented or linear? Where do the various changes take place? And why do we care? The arc is the emotional barometer of a work. If you’re not feeling it’s gentle swell, chances are your reader won’t be feeling anything either.

Anybody else have any advice on building tension and narrative structure? Would love to have some input here — this has always been a challenge for me, always an afterthought.

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